Development Of Hypermedia Systems Research Articles

Sistemas de hipermedios: desarrollo y configuración

Resume la historia del desarrollo de los sistemas de hipertexto y hipermedios, y explica dichos conceptos. Se centra en el desarrollo de los sistemas de hipermedios, en su configuración y funcionalidad, en la organización de la información y en los principales problemas que entrañan. La explicación teórica se complementa con la presentación de dos proyectos de hipermedios: American Memory y Project Emperor - I.

Adaptive Hypermedia System Development Based on Moodle to Overcome the Diversity of Learning Style on Vocational Education in Indonesia

The inputof vocational education college does not come from one source, but several sources, from high school or other kind of high schools and from vocational high schools or other kind vocational high school, so students have diverse learning styles.This research is type of R&D (Reseach and Development), the research procedure consists of: 1) make the needs analysis of products that will be developed based on the potential and problems of moodle-based adaptive hypermedia; 2) reviewing the study of literature and information by observation; 3) designing basic products; 4) expert validation; 5) revision of product design; 6) designing media; 7) perform a functional trial; 8) first product revision; 9) user trials; 10) second product revision; 11) product implementation. The results of this research are adaptive hypermedia with link http://www.evodu.net/, adaptive hypermedia is designed specifically for college students in vocational education with diverse learning styles.

The knowledge management efficacy of matching information systems development methodologies with application characteristics—an experimental study

An experimental study was conducted to determine whether appropriately matching methodology type to the characteristics of the business application being developed resulted in more effective knowledge-work processes among team members. Specifically, the experiment compared the use of hypermedia systems development methodologies to that of conventional software engineering methodologies in enabling knowledge work processes during the development of hypermedia-intensive business applications. Results obtained indicate that there is value in effectively matching methodologies to application domain. Based on this finding, there is justification in employing strong-typed methodologies for systems design projects particularly in the cases where the application domain is quite specialized. Our results also suggest that Information Technology (IT) studies that assess methodology influences on the resultant Information System (IS) artifact need to include knowledge and/or cognitive elements and their related theories. Since systems development is knowledge intensive, inclusion of cognitive and knowledge aspects provide a more complete model of how methodologies influence the various aspects of the IS artifact.

Adaptive navigation support in educational hypermedia: the role of student knowledge level and the case for meta‐adaptation

AbstractAdaptive hypermedia is an alternative to the traditional “one‐size‐fits‐all” approach in the development of hypermedia systems. Adaptive hypermedia (AH) systems build a model of the goals, preferences, and knowledge of each individual user, and use this model throughout the interaction with the user, in order to adapt to the needs of that user. Adaptive navigation support is a specific group of adaptive hypermedia techniques that become especially popular in educational hypermedia systems. This paper provides a brief overview of main adaptive navigation support techniques and analyzes the results of most representative empirical studies of these techniques. It demonstrates an evidence that different known techniques work most efficiently in different context. In particular, the studies summarized in the paper have provided evidence that users with different knowledge level of the subject may appreciate different adaptive navigation support technologies. The paper argues that more empirical studies are required to help the developers of adaptive hypermedia systems in selecting most relevant adaptation technologies. It also attempts to build a case for meta‐adaptive hypermedia systems, ie, systems that are able to adapt the very adaptation technology to the given user and context.

Hypermedia Systems Development: A Comparative Study of Software Engineers and Graphic Designers

Hypermedia systems development is, in many regards, different from “conventional” systems development, chief amongst these differences being its multidisciplinary nature. Foremost amongst the roles in hypermedia development are software engineering and graphic design. However, there has traditionally been a pronounced tension between software engineers and graphic designers. It is therefore important to gain an understanding of the differences between the two camps with a view to bringing them closer together. This paper reports on the findings of a survey of hypermedia developers conducted in Ireland. One of the objectives of the survey was to compare and contrast the development approaches, methods, and techniques used by software engineers with those used by graphic designers. It was found that software engineers and graphic designers are much closer than might be believed in their attitudes on the value and importance of processes and documented working methods. However, graphic designers primarily base development approaches around the use of specific tools, whereas software engineers are more reliant on traditional and object-oriented software development methods. Regarding diagramming methods, there is some evidence of cross-pollination, as software engineers often use informal techniques such as storyboarding and graphic designers use software engineering techniques such as use case diagrams. However, graphic designers find software engineering techniques to be less useful than vice versa.

Step‐by‐step guideline for designing and documenting the navigation structure of multimedia hypertext systems

Most traditional navigational design techniques do not provide a good mechanism for dealing with the complexity of the navigational path of multimedia hypertext (or hypermedia) systems, such as a multimedia page on the Web. When the number of pages (or nodes) of the hypermedia system grows, the links among these pages increase factorially. This makes the navigation structure diagram of a small 20‐page Web site almost impossible to read, maintain, expand and reuse. In addition, most of these techniques do not provide formal instruction, or a step‐by‐step guideline, for users to support their development of hypermedia systems. This paper, therefore, aims to introduce, step‐by‐step, a new graph‐based navigational design technique, the Navigational Graph, together with a new set of notation. It provides systems developers to visualise and manipulate the navigational structures of Web sites. This technique improves the reusability, maintainability, decomposability, readability and expandability of the development of Web sites in terms of navigational design. This paper also attempts to address the problem of lack of guidelines for users to design and document their Web sites.

Content based navigation in an open hypermedia environment

Microcosm is an open hypermedia architecture for developing large scale multimedia systems. Among many other features, Microcosm introduces two link types, generic and dynamic links, which substantially reduce the authoring effort required for hypermedia system development. Generic and dynamic links were initially designed to provide content based navigation and content based retrieval for text documents respectively. Recently the Microcosm architecture has been extended to facilitate generic and dynamic links from non-text media. Generic links from non-text allow the user to author a generic link from an image object in one image and follow the link from a similar image object in another image. Similar facilities are described for authoring links from video and sound files.

Hyperform

Development of hypermedia systems is a complex matter. The current trend toward open, extensible, and distributed multiuser hypermedia systems adds additional complexity to the development process. As a means of reducing this complexity, there has been an increasing interest in hyperbase management systems that allow hypermedia system developers to abstract from the intricacies and complexity of the hyperbase layer and fully attend to application and user interface issues. Design, development, and deployment experiences of a dynamic, open, and distributed multiuser hypermedia system development environment called Hyperform is presented. Hyperform is based on the concepts of extensibility, tailorability, and rapid prototyping of hypermedia system services. Open, extensible hyperbase management systems permit hypermedia system developers to tailor hypermedia functionality for specific applications and to serve as a platform for research. The Hyperform development environment is comprised of multiple instances of four component types: (1) a hyperbase management system server, (2) a tool integrator, (3) editors, and (4) participating tools. Hyperform has been deployed in Unix environments, and experiments have shown that Hyperform greatly reduces the effort required to provide customized hyperbase management system support for distributed multiuser hypermedia systems.

Developing effective hypermedia instructional materials

<span>The use of hypermedia as an instructional medium is growing rapidly with developments and enhancements in instructional and computing technologies. Much of the popularity of the medium is derived from its capacity to convey large amounts of information to learners in structured and associated ways which promote student centred and independent learning. Recent developments in multimedia technologies and software, and enhanced networking facilities through the Internet, have led to new and exciting opportunities for hypermedia systems development. This paper provides an overview of the potential of hypermedia as an instructional medium and discusses research that has investigated learning outcomes. It provides an overview of instructional design considerations to guide developers and designers of hypermedia systems.</span>

The pragmatics of clinical hypermedia: experiences from 5 years of participatory design in the MEDEA project

To explore a medical hypermedia design process where requirements engineering and participatory design are used in a naturalistic setting, 5 years of participatory action research (PAR) have been performed in the development of a hypermedia system to be used in primary care practice. In PAR, the participating organizations cooperate with the researchers in deciding and later evaluating organizational actions, and the results are concluded cooperatively. A new type of system emerged from the study, in that the resulting design has its focus on the management of large volumes of hypermedia material, the traceability of authority in the documents, and teamwork support. Regarding the participatory design process, it was found to be essential to deal with social and organizational issues in the design group and its surroundings—and not to cover these over. For instance, an agreement was reached with the managers responsible for health care in the county where the design process took place, whereby the design activity was also given priority at the highest local administrative level. Since health care is a practice organization, there is a potential market for similar systems if only ways of organizing design and marketing the products of participatory design are further developed. Modified versions of structured product specification methods could be a valuable complement. The conclusion of the study is that the development and spread of hypermedia systems in health care may require considerable changes in current design routines and organizations.

Hypermedia link services and their application to multimedia information management

This paper describes how a hypermedia link service can be applied to the management of multimedia information. The development of open hypermedia systems and link services is described in the context of the development of hypermedia systems generally. A detailed description of the design of the open hypermedia system Microcosm is given. This is used to illustrate how a link service can be used to provide access to multimedia resources from a range of standard application packages.

Hypermedia, multimedia and hypertext: definitions and overview

In this paper I will discuss definitions of hypermedia, multimedia and hypertext. Hypertext is the grouping of relevant information in the form of nodes. These nodes are then connected together through links. In the case of hypertext the nodes contain text or graphics. Multimedia is the combining of different media types for example sound, animation, text, graphics and video for the presentation of information by making use of computers. Hypermedia can be viewed as an extension of hypertext and multimedia. It is based on the concept of hypertext that uses nodes and links in the structuring of information in the system. In this case the nodes consist of all the different data types that are mentioned in the multimedia definition above. The ‘node‐and‐link’ concept is used in organisation of the information in hypermedia systems. The ‘book’ metaphor is an example of the way these systems are implemented. This concept is explained and a few advantages and disadvantages of making use of hypermedia systems are discussed. A new approach for the development of hypermedia systems, namely the knowledge‐based approach is now looked into. Joel Peing‐Ling Loo proposed this approach because he thought that it is the most effective way for handling this kind of technology. A semantic‐based hypermedia model is developed in this approach to formulate solutions for the restrictions in presenting information authoring, maintenance and retrieval. The knowledge‐based presentation of information includes the use of conventional data structures. These data structures make use of frames (objects), slots and the inheritance theory that is also used in expert systems. Relations develop between the different objects as these objects are included in the database. Relations can also exist between frames by means of attributes that belong to the frames.

ASK Systems: An Approach to the Realization of Story-Based Teachers

Telling stories is an effective way to teach aspects of nearly every task and domain. However, to be effectively remembered, a story must be told in a context that enables the hearer to index it functionally in memory. This occurs naturally when stories are told to students while they are attempting to perform the task being taught. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to engage students in a task while teaching it, so some other context must be found that facilitates appropriate indexing. We argue that this context occurs naturally in a teaching dialog, called an Aesopic dialog, in which the student asks questions and the expert answers with stories. In this dialog, the coherence of the conversation itself provides a context that enables the stories to be usefully incorporated into the student's memory. The widespread application of teaching through Aesopic dialogs requires overcoming the hurdle that experts are scarce and access to them is limited. Our solution to this problem is to broaden access to expert stories through the development of hypermedia systems designed to provide an interaction that emulates, as much as possible, the cognitively relevant aspects of an Aesopic dialog with an expert. We have constructed a number of such story-based teachers, called ASK systems, in domains as diverse as trust bank consulting, Presidential decision-making, and the determinants of a nation's industrial success in global markets.

The construction of knowledge in neurology: implications for hypermedia system development

This paper describes some elements of routine practice in neurology. How neurologists link CNS structure and function poses technical and conceptual issues for hypertext developers. These issues, particularly the need for developers to better understand routine thought and action in medicine, are taken up here.

From Reality to Hypermedia through Artificial Reality

Abstract Technology is teaching how to represent reality on the computer, and practically all subjects have been considered suitable to computing. However, the role of the computer has been very different from traditional scienific approaches: while the traditional scientific disciplines tend to underline the specific results and the rules governing a subset of reality in a unified way, computer disciplines lead towards an integration of knowledge in order to reproduce the considered subset of reality as a unity governed by known rules. Such an integration is changing the nature of programming and seems to transform the art of computer programming into a scientific discipline capable of modelling pieces of the real world as well as pieces of the ideal world (Platone just called this world ‘IperUrania'!). With such an attitude in mind we will analyse in this paper the development of hypermedia systems. We will try to shown that the development of hypermedia systems, started from models of reality (ideality), not only corresponds to a well founded scientific discipline but introduces a clean methodology suitable for improving both quality and productivity for hypermedia systems.